Category Archive for "Year 2013 Issue 6"

Glycerol hydrogenolysis using in situ generated and molecular hydrogen

Agnieszka WOŁOSIAK-HNAT, Eugeniusz MILCHERT ? Institute of Organic Chemical Technology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 572-579 The comparison of the course of hydrogenolysis performed in protic solvent as a source of hydrogen in situ with hydrogenolysis carried out in the presence of molecular hydrogen was made. As a donor of hydrogen molecule 1- and 2-propanol were used. Hydrogenolyses with hydrogen generated in situ were conducted using two methods: under inert gas pressure (nitrogen) and pressureless...

The determination of the specific heat capacity of coal based on literature data

Bartosz LEŚNIAK, Łukasz SŁUPIK, Grzegorz JAKUBINA ? Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal, Zabrze, Poland Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 560-571 The article discusses the coal properties having influence on its specific heat capacity. The literature correlations for the determination the specific heat capacity of coal, depending on the temperature and the volatile matter content, are presented. To examine the correlation, calculations for several coals of known properties were made and obtained results are showed in the form of a specific heat...

Evaluation of physicochemical properties of Palm Kernel Shell as agro biomass used in the energy industry

Barbara JAGUSTYN, Iga PATYNA, Agnieszka SKAWIŃSKA ? Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW), Zabrze, Poland Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 552-559 The Polish market of biomass from energy crops and agricultural waste is unstable and strongly dependent on the area of agricultural production land and biomass crops. Import of Palm Kernel Shell may be an additional source of obtaining biomass for energy purposes. Energy and heat manufacturers from all over the world are interested in that combustible material. This paper...

Torrefacted biomass ? a new fuel for the power industry

Marcin KOPCZYŃSKI, Jarosław ZUWAŁA ? Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW), Zabrze Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 540-551 The paper presents the idea of biomass torrefaction process and discusses selected physicochemical properties of solid products of raw biomass torrefaction, which were produced in laboratory conditions, as well as biocoals produced from energy willow, sawdust from coniferous trees and Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) ? with use of an industrial system. The paper also discusses the results of a comparative analysis concerning...

Selected methods for energy saving and generation in the chemical industry.

Jerzy WASILEWSKI, Jolanta ZIMOCH ? Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis ?Blachownia?, Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 528-539 The problems connected with CO2 emissions as well as the costs of CO2 abatement and the se as a feed for synthesis processes were presented. Modernisation of commercial processes, production of bio-alcohols through fermentation of cellulose, and photosynthesis with the use of algae to produce bio-ethanol, algal oil and bio-diesel, these are promising options for the future energy carriers manufacturing methods. Introduction The global...

Thermal bio-refinery

Janusz LASEK, Aleksander SOBOLEWSKI ? Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW), Zabrze Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 514-527 The article presents the state of art on thermal bio-refinery in context of pilot and industrial scale deployments. It presents classification and basic characteristics of the unit processes in thermal bio-refinery, techno-economic analysis based on available data and assessment of development of different types of bio-refinery. Introduction According to the definition proposed by the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) ?bio-refinery is an integrated...

Methanol as hydrogen donor in the alternative fuel synthesis

Ewa ŚMIGIERA, Jacek KIJEŃSKI, Osazuwa OSAWARU, Anna ZGUDKA, Antoni R. MIGDAŁ ? Industrial Chemistry Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 502-513 This paper presents the possibilities for obtaining alternative fuels from polymer and fatty wastes in the flow system under the atmospheric pressure. This process is conducted in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts and involves using methanol as hydrogen donor in the reduction reaction of unsaturated compounds formed during waste processing. The obtained products (synthetic paraffin hydrocarbons) can be...

The large-scale gasification for hydrogen, methanol and liquid fuel production

Krzysztof DRESZER, Lucyna WIĘCŁAW-SOLNY, Lesław ZAPART ? Institute for Chemical Processing of Coal (IChPW), Zabrze, Poland Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 490-501 Coal is one of the most important sources of electrical energy in the world economy. Applying appropriate technologies enables its use also in the chemical and fuel sector. The development degree of available technologies guarantees the possibility of manufacturing the desired chemical products with high efficiency and compliance with environmental requirements. The decisive element in applying those technologies is the...

Why is it necessary to take a new look at a problem of raw materials for chemistry?

? an interview with Wojciech Lubiewa-Wieleżyński, President of the Board of Polish Chamber of Chemical Industry [Polska Izba Przemysłu Chemicznego] Please cite as: CHEMIK 2013, 67, 6, 484-489 Mr President, what is the position of the European chemical industry at the global scene? Does it change? And how does it change? Only in 2010, the European chemical industry gave way to the position of the worldwide leader in sales volumes to China. This trend in losing the Europe?s leadership position to...

Category Archives: Year 2013 Issue 6